Latin, musculi pharyngis, musculus constrictor pharyngis or tunica muscularis pharyngis. Sagittal reconstruction demonstrating the upper and lower extent of the pharyngeal muscles. The pharyngeal constrictors surround the pharynx, and meet along a posterior midline pharyngeal raphe. Pharyngeal muscles computer science flashcards quizlet. Siddiqui au, satapathy bc, siddiqui at, gill ss 2017 anatomical insight into the muscle petropharyngeusa supernumerary muscle of the posterior pharyngeal wall. Sakamoto y 2014 gross anatomical observations of attachments of the. A quick look at the pharyngeal constrictor muscles on a plastic model. The middle pharyngeal constrictor works specifically on the midportion of the pharynx. Pediatric pharyngeal flap iowa head and neck protocols. Pharyngeal constrictor an overview sciencedirect topics. Similarly to the superior and middle pharyngeal constrictor muscles, it is innervated by the vagus nerve cranial nerve x. This is the collection of nerve fibers that innervates the pharynx in addition to the larynx, or voice box. Such arrangements make the interrelationships among pharyngeal muscles complicated.
The tube begins at the base of the skull and ends inferior to the cricoid cartilage c6. Its most caudal portion is commonly referred to as the cricopharyngeus cp muscle. Anatomy, head and neck, pharynx muscles statpearls. Anatomy, head and neck, pharyngeal muscles statpearls ncbi. Muscles of the soft palate, the pharyngeal constrictors, and muscles of the tongue and larynx work in intricate coordination to propel the food bolus to the esophagus. The killian dehiscence is a triangularshaped area of weakness in the muscular wall of the pharynx, between the transverse and oblique bundles of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor 1.
On the back surface of the pharynx fuses with a similar muscle the other side. The inferior constrictor is seen for the last time. The inferior pharyngeal constrictor, the thickest of the three constrictors, arises from the sides of the cricoid and thyroid cartilage. The superior pharyngeal constrictor contract to narrow its lumen to. A thickened band at the caudal extremity of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor forms the upper esophageal sphincter, or cricopharyngeus muscle. Diagram of the orientation and attachments of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles. The terminal portion of both rlns pass superiorly, deep to the inferior border of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle, just posterior to the cricothyroid joint to supply the interarytenoid, posterior cricoarytenoid, and lateral cricoarytenoid muscles. A pterygopharyngeal, buccopharyngeal, mylopharyngeal and a glossopharyngeal part. Dose volume constraints for anterior oral cavity v30 constrictor v55 attachment to insert on the pharyngeal raphe, the pharyngeal tubercle of the occipital bone. The pharyngeal muscles receive innervation from the vagus and. The pharyngeal tubercle gives attachment to the fibrous raphe of the pharynx, also known as the pharyngeal raphe.
Anatomy, head and neck, pharynx muscles statpearls ncbi. The pharyngeal tubercle is a part of the occipital bone of the head and neck. The superior pharyngeal constrictor is largely in the nasopharynx. Pdf anatomical insight into the muscle petropharyngeusa. The inferior pharyngeal constrictor ic arises from the thyroid and cartilages which are also obvious structures. The constrictors join in the mid line posteriorly as a seam pharyngeal raphe which is suspended form the pharyngeal tubercle on bottom of the occipital bone. The fibres diverge upwards and downwards as they sweep back around the pharynx to enclose the super constrictor and meet in the median raphe. The position of the hyoid bone is determined by the muscle attachments to this floating.
The occipital bone overlies the occipital lobes of the cerebrum. The pharyngeal tubercle is located nearly 1 cm anterior as well as superior towards the foramen magnum and corresponds to the attachment points of the pharyngeal raphe along with the anterior longitudinal ligament and is hypothetically said to be the posterior expansion of the roof of the pharynx. The muscular walls of the pharynx constitute three overlapping sheets of striated muscle, the pharyngeal constrictors. It is common to both the alimentary and the respiratory tract. In one sense, swallowing becomes the ultimate integration of the nervous mechanisms to be used later in motor expression of speech. This muscle, along with the superior and inferior pharyngeal constrictors. Once youve extended your cut across and beneath the pharyngeal constrictor musculature off of the prevertebral fascia in the midline incise the remaining mucosal attachments with a stevens scissor and then elevate the pharyngeal flap up and down its length using a kitner to push the mucosa. This video demonstrate the attachment, nerve supply and actions of pharyngeal muscles. Pharyngeal tubercle wikimili, the free encyclopedia. Full text of diseases of the nose and throat see other formats. Their different attachment points and sequential, involuntary contraction allows the pharyngeal lumen to be closed in a cranial to a caudal direction for peristalsis during swallowing, while alternately remaining open for breathing and speaking. The middle pharyngeal constrictor is located on the lateral and posterior sides of the neck.
Click on the structure to specify the target of your label. Similarly to the superior and middle pharyngeal constrictor muscles, it is innervated by the vagus nerve cranial nerve x, specifically, by branches from the pharyngeal plexus and by neuronal branches from the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Note the attachment of the upper head of the lateral pterygoid muscle to the disc and the lower head to the pterygoid fovea of the mandible. The inferior pharyngeal constrictor continues as the esophagus es. Paralysis or paresis of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles arises when the function of. The pharynx is a muscular tube that connects the nasal cavities to the larynx and oesophagus. This retrospective observational study of patients with unresolved wrist pain noted improvements in many quality of life parameters after hacketthemwall dextrose prolotherapy. Anatomy, head and neck, pharynx statpearls ncbi bookshelf. The pharyngeal constrictor muscles get their innervation from the pharyngeal plexus. It is found anterior to the prevertebral muscles, such as longus coli and longus capitis, and posterior to the muscles of the mouth floor, most notably the hyoglossus muscle within the pharynx the middle pharyngeal constrictor sits between the superior and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles. The pharyngeal tubercle gives attachment to the fibrous raphe.
Electromyography of the pharyngeal musculature archives of. Now, completely remove the condyle and neck with the attached disc and lateral pterygoid muscle. The lower fibres, arch down as far as the vocal folds and lie within the inferior constrictor. The superior constrictor muscle originates from the medial pterygoid plate, pterygoid hamulus, pterygomandibular ligament and mylohyoid line of the mandible. C, invasion cancer cells were seen in the pharyngeal constrictor muscle tissue but not in the lateral surface of the pharyngeal constrictor muscle. I hope you find it helpful in your studies for nbde part 1. All supplied by cranial part of accessory nerve via. The middle pharyngeal constrictor is a fanshaped muscle located in the neck. The function of this muscle is to facilitate food propagation towards the esophagus by constricting the wall of pharynx during deglutition. Define the three pharyngeal constrictor muscles superior, middle, and inferior and trace each as close. Radiation oncologytoxicitydysphagia wikibooks, open. Insertion upper midline pharyngeal raphe and pharyngeal tubercle of clivus of occiput.
There are ligament that spans between these two attachments to cartilage crosses the cricothyroid muscle spread out posteriorly and attach to the pharyngeal raphe posterior part of the inferior constrictors overlaps the middle constrictors inferiorly, the muscle fibers blend with and attach into the wall of the esophagus. The inferior pharyngeal constrictor ipc is the thickest and best developed of the three pharyngeal constrictors. The pharynx subdivisions blood supply teachmeanatomy. The pharyngeal muscles overlap each other and some of their parts have different areas of origin. It is trapezoidal in shape and curved on itself like a shallow dish. Distinguishing between the pharyngeal constrictor mm.
The pharyngeal muscles are a group of muscles that form the pharynx, which is posterior to the. The three pharyngeal constrictor muscles are delineated by their position relative. The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is one of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles. However, the remaining muscles constrictor and longitudinal groups. Significant invasion of the pharyngeal constrictor muscle. It is the highest located muscle of the three pharyngeal constrictors.
Apart from its role in deglutition, the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is an important anatomical landmark bounding some of the main compartments of the neck, such as peritonsillar and parapharyngeal space. Their different attachment points and sequential, involuntary contraction. The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is a muscle in the pharynx. Medial plate of pterygoid process of sphenoid bone, pterygomandibular suture, lower jaw, root of tongue. Gross anatomical observations of attachments of the middle. The occipital bone is a cranial dermal bone and the main bone of the occiput. Superior pharyngeal constrictor, superior constrictor of pharynx, superior constrictor pharyngeus, superior constrictor, musculus constrictor pharyngis. Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle wikimili, the. University of michigan medical school larynx and pharynx. It is located on the lower surface of the basilar part of occipital bone, about 1 cm. Origin lower two thirds of medial pterygoid plate, pterygomandibular raphe and posterior end of mylohyoid line on mandible. The larynx, side view of the larynx, showing muscular attachments, thyrohyoideus, sternothyroideus. The muscle is a quadrilateral muscle, thinner and paler than the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle and middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle.
Their different attachment points and sequential, involuntary contraction allows the pharyngeal lumen to be closed in a cranial to a caudal direction for peristalsis during swallowing, while alternately remaining. The superior constrictor starts approxi mately at the. The inferior pharyngeal constrictor is a muscle of the pharynx that, together with the superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors, forms the posterior and lateral walls of laryngopharynx. Chhetri md, in dysphagia evaluation and management in otolaryngology, 2019. This article will discuss the anatomy and function of the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. The three pharyngeal constrictor muscles are delineated by their position relative to one another superior, middle, and inferior. This book is distributed under the terms of the creative commons. B, attachment no normal tissue remained between the tumor and the medial surface of the pharyngeal constrictor muscle, but no cancer cells were seen in the pharyngeal constrictor muscle tissue.
The muscular wall of the pharynx can be divided into three overlapping segments of striated muscle, termed the pharyngeal constrictors. Contraction of the middle pharyngeal muscle, in coordination with the superior and inferior pharyngeal constrictors, constricts and closes the pharynx during deglutition to propel the food bolus from the oropharynx downward to the esophagus. Inferior constrictor medical definition merriamwebster. The middle pharyngeal constrictor is a fanshaped sheetlike muscle of the pharynx.
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